What does proper conductor sizing help to prevent in an electrical system?

Proper conductor sizing is crucial for ensuring that electrical conductors can handle the anticipated current load without overheating. Conductors that are too small for the amount of current passing through them can lead to excessive resistance, which generates heat. This heat can damage insulation, reduce the lifespan of electrical components, and potentially create fire hazards. By sizing conductors correctly, the resistance is minimized, and the conductors can safely carry the required current without reaching temperatures that could lead to failure or safety issues.

In addition to overheating, correct conductor sizing also contributes to other aspects of system performance, including efficiency and safety, but the main focus here is on the prevention of overheating, which is a direct result of inadequate sizing for the current being carried.