What is a characteristic of a horn antenna?

A horn antenna is specifically designed to direct and focus radio waves into a narrow beam, which is one of its defining characteristics. This ability to concentrate the energy in a specific direction enhances the gain of the signal, which is beneficial for applications where performance at a distance is critical. By shaping the electromagnetic waves as they exit the horn, the antenna can achieve improved directivity compared to other types of antennas. This makes it particularly useful in radar applications, satellite communications, and microwave transmission where focused beams can effectively reduce unwanted noise and interference while increasing signal clarity over long distances. The design of a horn antenna facilitates an efficient transfer of energy in a specific direction rather than dispersing it evenly in all directions, allowing for optimized performance in directed communication.