What role do transformers play in electrical systems, according to the 600A Tech Assessment?

Transformers are essential components in electrical systems that facilitate the safe transmission and distribution of electricity. They operate on the principle of electromagnetic induction and their primary function is to alter voltage levels. By stepping up voltage, transformers increase the voltage for efficient long-distance transmission, reducing losses due to resistance in the wires. Conversely, stepping down voltage allows for safe usage in homes and businesses where lower voltage levels are necessary.

This function of altering voltage levels ensures that electricity can be distributed effectively while minimizing the risks associated with high voltages. For example, utility companies use high voltages to transmit power over long distances to reduce energy loss, and transformers become critical at various points in the distribution system to manage these voltage levels properly for end-users.

The other options mentioned do not accurately describe the role of transformers in electrical systems. While they are integral to ensuring the safety and efficiency of electrical distribution, functions like overload protection, direct current conversion, or filtering electrical noise are managed by other types of equipment and devices in an electrical system. Therefore, the role of transformers is primarily centered around voltage management, which is vital for effective power distribution.